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The Olmsted Locks and Dam is a locks and concrete dam project currently under construction on the Ohio River, on the border between the U.S. states of Illinois and Kentucky, just east of Olmsted, Illinois. The locks are located at river mile 964.4, below Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and about 17 miles upstream from the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. The dam will consist of five Tainter gates, a 1,400-foot navigable pass with steel wicket gates, and a fixed weir. The lock chambers, completed in 2002 and located along the Illinois bank, are wide and long.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.lrl.usace.army.mil/Missions/CivilWorks/Navigation/LocksandDams/OlmstedLocksandDam/Project.aspx )〕 According to the US Army Corps of Engineers, the new dam and locks will reduce passage time from 5 hours currently to under 1 hour with the new system. ==Evolution of the project== The U.S. Congress authorized spending 775 million dollars to replace two 1920's era Ohio River dams in 1988 with an estimated completion date of 1995; funding was appropriated and released in 1991. The design was performed after July 1997.〔 The latest completion date for the project is 2024 at an estimated cost of 3.1 billion dollars. Olmsted Locks and Dam replacement project is deemed necessary to allow for the more efficient movement of commerce on the Ohio River. The antiquated design, age and temporary nature of locks and dams 52 and 53 which Olmsted will replace make it impossible to meet traffic demands without significant delays and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers is replacing these aged facilities with one of the largest civil works projects undertaken by the Corps. The Olmsted Locks and Dam project was authorized by the Water Resources Development Act of 1988. The cost of this project is shared by congressional appropriation and the navigation industry tax on diesel fuel which goes to the Inland Waterways Trust Fund. The fund has been paying 50 percent of the cost, estimated to be $3.1 billion. The project comprises two 110-foot by 1,200-foot lock chambers located along the Illinois shoreline and a dam with five Tainter gates, a navigable pass section and a fixed weir. Construction of the dam The project is being built using several construction contracts; the locks and guide walls are finished, the dam is scheduled for completion in 2020. The Corps of Engineers has been using an innovative method known as "in-the-wet" for the Olmsted Dam. Sections of the dam, called shells, are being fabricated in a casting yard on land, then carried out into the river and set in place. The method has been likened to a child building with LEGOs, only the concrete and re-bar monoliths weigh up to 3,700 tons and are 125x102x30 feet. The underside of a 3,700-ton dam shell project is under construction near the community of Olmsted, Illinois. This stretch provides a connection between the Ohio, Tennessee, Cumberland, and Mississippi rivers and tonnage averages between 80 and 90 million annually – more than any other place in America’s inland navigation system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Olmsted Locks and Dam )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Olmsted Locks and Dam」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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